Components of a Python program:
A Python program can contain the following components:
- Import statements: These are used to import external modules or libraries for additional functionality.
- Variable declarations: Variables are created to store and manipulate data.
- Function definitions: Functions are blocks of reusable code that perform specific tasks.
- Conditional statements: These statements control the flow of the program based on certain conditions using if-else or switch-case constructs.
- Looping statements: These statements allow repetitive execution of a block of code using constructs like for loops, while loops, or do-while loops.
- Input/output operations: These operations enable interaction with the user through input and output streams, such as reading from or writing to the console or files.
- Error handling: This involves handling exceptions or errors that may occur during program execution using try-except blocks or other error handling mechanisms.
- Comments: Comments are used to add explanatory notes or documentation within the code for better understanding by developers.
- Class definitions: Classes are used to define objects with properties (attributes) and behaviors (methods) in object-oriented programming.
- Modules: Python programs can be organized into multiple modules, which are separate files containing related code. These modules can be imported and used in other parts of the program.
- Main program logic: The main program logic consists of the sequence of statements that are executed in order to accomplish the desired functionality.